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Address by Nelson Mandela on Behalf of the ANC delegation to the conference of the Pan-African Freedom Movement of East and Central Africa : A land ruled by the gun

  • ZA COM MR-S-004
  • Item
  • 1962-02-03
  • Part of Speeches

Occasion - Address to the Conference of the Pan-African Freedom Movement of East and Central Africa
Summary - This address summaries the assistance that the international community, especially African states, has given to the freedom fighters in South Africa. It outlines the political and social situation in South Africa and the ANC's responses and move from policies of non-violence to the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe. The people's resolve to fight is steadfast but the continued support of PAFMECA is crucial.

Mandela, Nelson Rolihlahla

Radio Suid-Afrika

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on programmes such as Monitor, Spitstyd and Kaleidoscope. Includes reports and interviews on the following:
Biographical history of Nelson Mandela. The release of Nelson Mandela from prison, and reactions of political leaders in parliament to the news of his release. Statements and addresses by Nelson Mandela to the US congress. Nelson Mandela's visit to West Germany. African National Congress (ANC) policies. The ANC's first national congress held in South Africa after it's unbanning. The South African negotiation process, the CODESA talks and the Government of National Unity. The relationship between the ANC and the South African Communist Party. Political violence in the 1990s, including the Boipatong massacre.

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

Radio Xhosa

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on the Breakfast Show. Includes reports and interviews on the following:
Meetings between Nelson Mandela and FW De Klerk. The 1994 elections. The inauguration of Mandela as the first democratically elected President of South Africa. The opening of parliament. The new constitution of South Africa . Commemoration of the 1976 uprisings. Memorial service of Chris Hani. Mandela birthday celebrations, as well as New Year messages delivered by him. Nelson Mandela’s visits to New York, and his addresses to the United Nations General Assembly.
Language/s: English and Xhosa

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

Ligwalagwala

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on the radio programme, Letiphuma Embiteni. Includes reports and interviews on:
Nelson Mandela's family life and his imprisonment on Robben Island. The USAID donation of R35 million to the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund, for its HIV/AIDS programme. The World Aids Conference held in Durban, South Africa, 2000. The Middle East peace talks, 2000. The politics of George W. Bush.
Languages: Swazi and English

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

SA FM

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on AM Live, PM Live, Scoreboard and Woman Today. Includes reports and interviews on the following:
Nelson Mandela's international visits to South East Asia, the United Kingdom, Japan and Singapore. Reports on Mandela's tour of Southern Africa. Conflict in Zaire and the role of the South African government in peace talks. The 50th anniversary of the United Nations. Tony Blair's visit to South Africa. The 12th Non-Aligned Movement summit held in Durban, South Africa. Mandela's farewell as Head of State, to the international community, and addresses to the United Nations General Assembly. The South African intervention in the Lesotho conflict. The unveiling of the tombstone of Chris Hani. The funeral of Harry Gwala. Messages by Nelson Mandela on the first democratic elections in South Africa. New Year and Christmas messages by Nelson Mandela. The new constitution of South Africa and Nelson Mandela's signing of the new constitution into law. Comments by Nelson Mandela on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and Mandela signing the Truth and Reconciliation Commission into law. Truth and Reconciliation Commission hearings, including the Pollsmoor March to free Mandela in 1996. Gains made by the new South African government. Freedom Day celebrations. Workers Day. Nelson Mandela's last official speech to the South African Parliament, as Head of State. The 1999 South African elections. The Broudi Commission of Enquiry opposed in court by the South African Rugby Football Union (SARFU).
The ANC national conference held in Port Elizabeth in 2000.

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

SABC Sound Archive Collection

Speeches, interviews and reports, including:
Nelson Mandela's speech after the African National Congress (ANC) victory in South Africa's first democratic election. Nelson Mandela's first 100 days in office as President of South Africa. The opening of parliament. The opening of the Constitutional Court by President Mandela. The handing over of the final Truth and Reconciliation Commission report to President Nelson Mandela by Archbishop Desmond Tutu. Bill Clinton's visit to South Africa and his address to the South African parliament. The visit of Yasser Arafat to South Africa.
Extracts from famous speeches by Nelson Mandela.

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

Radio Sonder Grense

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on programmes such as 'Land en sand,' 'Monitor' and news programmes. Includes reports and interviews on:
Violence in Richmond, KwaZulu-Natal. The US-targeted bombings in Kenya and Tanzania. The 12th Non-Aligned Movement Summit held in Durban, South Africa. The death of Princess Diana. The 1997 Comrades Marathon. South Africa's second and third democratic elections, held in 1999 and 2004, respectively. The inauguration of Thabo Mbeki as President in 1999.
Languages: English and Afrikaans

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

Vanderbilt University Archive

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on channels such as ABC, CBC, CNN and NBC. Includes footage and reports on Robben Island:
The opening of Robben Island as a national museum and tourist destination, and visits to the Island by Nelson Mandela. The declaration of Robben Island as a national monument by Nelson Mandela. President Bill Clinton’s visit to Robben Island, accompanied by Mr. Nelson Mandela. Millennium celebrations at Robben Island, with Nelson Mandela passing a candle to Thabo Mbeki.

ABC

National Public Broadcasting Archives

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on National Public Radio. Includes reports on the following:
Disagreement in South Africa over apartheid crimes. Judges at South Africa’s new Constitutional Court being sworn in by Nelson Mandela. Winnie Mandela being fired from the cabinet of the South African government. Local government elections in South Africa. Nelson Mandela calling for sanctions against Nigeria, in the light of political executions. Openings of the South African parliament. The marital divorce of Nelson and Winnie Mandela. South Africa’s adoption of a new constitution and Nelson Mandela signing of the new constitution into law. Nelson Mandela’s involvement in the Zairian peace talks. FW De Klerk’s resignation from the National Party. Nelson Mandela stepping down as the president of the African National Congress (ANC). President Bill Clinton’s visit to South Africa, and his visit with Nelson Mandela to Robben Island. Reports that Mandela was the target of a poison plot. Nelson Mandela’s 80th birthday celebrations and his marriage to Graca Machel. The awarding of the Congressional Gold Medal to Nelson Mandela. Addresses by Nelson Mandela to the United Nations. The final report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Preparations for the 1999 South African general elections. Nelson Mandela’s final speech to the South African Parliament, before his retirement from politics. Political profiles of Nelson Mandela. The inauguration of Thabo Mbeki as the new President of South Africa.

National Public Radio

Drum Magazine Photographic Archive

Collection of photographs covering major political events, including:
The 1952 Defiance Campaign. The Bantu Education Boycott of 1955. Organising for the 1956 Women's March to the Union Buildings in Pretoria. Treason Trial 1956 - 1961, and photographs taken during this period such as Nelson Mandela at Jerry Moloi’s boxing gym in Orlando. Photographs of Nelson Mandela and fellow comrades at meetings. The All in Africa Conference held in Pietermaritzburg in December 1961. Photographs of family and friends at the funeral of Thembekile Mandela, July 1969. Scenes of Nelson Mandela’s visit to Ghana in November 1994. Also featured in the photographs are: Jerry Moloi, a professional featherweight boxer; James Phillips; Ahmed Kathrada; Barney Desai; Ruth First; Joe Slovo; Sonia Bunting; Evelyn Mandela; Winnie Mandela; Aziz Pahad; Helen Joseph; Moses Kotane; Peter Nthite; Walter Sisulu; Harrison Motlana; Ghanaian Head of State, John Jerry Rawlings; and Togolese Prime Minister, Joseph Kokou Koffigoh. Photographers include: Gopal Naransamy, Bob Gosani, Peter Magubane and Jurgen Schadeberg.

Drum Magazine

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Collection of materials including:
News clippings on the situation in South Africa in the 1991 regarding, among others, pledges by foreign governments to support the ANC. Public perceptions of the ANC as a political force, ANC's fundraising campaigns, Reports of police agents amongst the ANC official structures, reports of violence in townships, tensions between SACP and ANC, and Mr. Nelson Mandela's overseas visits to push for the continuation of sanctions. Press statement by the ANC dated June 1991.
A copy of "Front File" publication dated August 1991.

Episcopal Church People for Southern Africa

Govan Mbeki Papers

A collection consisting primarily of 35mm colour transparencies, covering:
International and South African campaigns for the release of Nelson Mandela. Celebrations of Mandela's release from prison. Photographs taken immediately after Mandela's release from prison. Mandela's re-union with Oliver Tambo during his visit to Sweden (1991). Mandela's family home in Qunu. Photographs with Winnie Mandela, Oliver Tambo, Adelaide Tambo, Archbishop Trevor Huddleston and Douglas Hurd. Performers (Johnny Clegg, David Serame, The Manhattans, Jonas Gwangwa and Hugh Masekela) at the Free Mandela / 70th birthday celebration concert, held at Wembley Stadium (1988).
Mandela at the Wembley concert that celebrated his release from prison (1990). Portraits of Mandela.
Photographers include Paul Weinberg, Gordon Metz, Order Elias on and Anna Zieminski.

International Defence and Aid Fund (IDAF)

Padraig O'Malley

Audio interview with Nelson Mandela, conducted by Padraig O'Malley on the 12th December 2001. The subjects covered include:
Armed struggle and Operation Vula; Imprisonment on Robben Island and communications with the African National Congress (ANC) during the latter part of Mandela's imprisonment; Negotiations between the ANC and the Apartheid government.
Mandela's work in his post-presidential years.
Transcript available.

O'Malley, Padraig

African National Congress Norway Mission

Records of the African National Congress Norway mission.
The records include correspondence, news clippings, statements and photographs concerning:
The Nelson Mandela 70th birthday concert; Congratulatory messages on Mandela’s release from prison; Nelson Mandela’s visits to Norway, and the work of the Mandela Reception Committee (1990 - 1992). The Nelson Mandela Memorial Coin (1991). The awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to Nelson Mandela (1993).
Speeches delivered by Nelson Mandela during his visits to Scandinavian countries
Mandela Nelson -visit to Norway 1992
Athens Medical Centre: Correspondence - Invitation to Mandela to visit Greece

African National Congress (ANC) Norway Mission

African National Congress Senegal Mission

Records of the African National Congress Senegal Mission.
The records includes documentation concerning the Nelson Mandela International Reception Committee, and an original invitation to Nelson Mandela from the president-elect of Mali. Correspondence with Dakar president Holding Kebe. Full text of Nelson Mandela address to the people on the day of his release from prison 11th February 1990
Document de Mandela

African National Congress (ANC) Senegal Mission

African National Congress Zimbabwe

Records of the African National Congress mission in Zimbabwe
The records include correspondence and photographs on:
The Nelson Mandela Freedom at 70 campaign; The conferment of the Freedom of the City of Kabwe on Mandela; Nelson Mandela's visit to Zimbabwe; Correspondence from President Mugabe, after Nelson Mandela's release from prison.
Free Mandela campaign (photographs)
Mandela N.R - Interview

African National Congress (ANC) Zimbabwe Mission

Madiba -1990

Radio South Africa Actuality President George Bush of the United States speaking on relations with South Africa and the visit of Mr Nelson Mandela to the United States.

RECORDBC 19900621

SABC Sound Archives

Channel Africa

Programmes and programme segments broadcast by Channel Africa, including:
Comments by Nelson Mandela on the National Party's walkout from the Government of National Unity in 1995. The situation in Sudan, 1997. An interview with Carl Niehaus on Nelson Mandela's book, 'Long Walk to Freedom.'

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

Thobela FM

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on Hlokwa la tsela. Includes reports and interviews on the following:
A speech by Nelson Mandela about peace in KwaZulu-Natal during local government elections. The unveiling of the statue of Samora Machel in Mozambique in 1998. The South African Rugby Football Union (SARFU) enquiry in 1998 in which Nelson Mandela was requested to testify in court. Bill Clinton's visit to South Africa in 1998.
Languages: Sepedi and English

South African Broadcasting Corporation [DO NOT USE]

Vanderbilt University Archive

Programmes and programme segments broadcast on channels such as ABC, CBC, CNN, NBC and Nightline. Includes footage and reports on the following:
Reports of the Reagan Administration’s support of the release of Nelson Mandela from prison. President Reagan’s attitude towards Nelson Mandela and his views on negotiations with the African National Congress (ANC). Senator Edward Kennedy’s tour of South Africa, which included a meeting with Winnie Mandela. A report that the CIA was instrumental in Nelson Mandela’s arrest. Oliver Tambo and Nelson Mandela as leaders of the ANC. US Congress delegation visit to South Africa, and meeting with Foreign Minister Pik Botha, and their request to visit Nelson Mandela not permitted. The impact of economic sanctions against South Africa, with Nelson Mandela mentioned. US Secretary of State George Shultz’s visit to South Africa, and an explanation by him on US policy towards South Africa, including a demand for the release of Nelson Mandela. Anti-apartheid demonstrations in New York, with calls for the release of Nelson Mandela. Nelson Mandela’s visit to the US after his release from prison. Nelson Mandela reported as being inspired by the American ideal.
The amount of money raised for the ANC during Mandela’s US visit. Visits by Nelson Mandela to Oakland, Los Angeles, Miami, Atlanta, Boston and New York City. Nelson Mandela addressing the US Congress. The meeting of Nelson Mandela with President Bush at the White House, and reportedly urging President Bush to maintain economic sanctions against South Africa. Remarks by Nelson Mandela about Libyan leader Muammar Kadhafi, Palestinian Liberation Organisation Leader Yasser Arafat and Cuban leader Fidel Castro. Senator Edward Kennedy with Nelson Mandela. People commenting on what Nelson Mandela symbolises. The meeting of Nelson Mandela with Secretary of State James Baker and other national leaders.
Comments by George Bush on Nelson Mandela's release from prison. A celebration of Independence Day in the US, where President Bill Clinton awards medals to Nelson Mandela and FW De Klerk. Nelson Mandela speaking about the challenge in Africa for the US. Statements by President Mandela and President Clinton during Nelson Mandela’s first official visit to the US and the welcoming ceremony at the White House. President Nelson Mandela’s address to a joint session of Congress. Mandela’s meeting with Louis Farrakhan US Vice President Al Gore’s visit to South Africa, and his meeting with Nelson Mandela. Hillary Clinton’s visit to South Africa with scenes shown from Robben Island. Bill Clinton’s visit to South Africa, and his meetings with Nelson Mandela. The White House reception held for Nelson Mandela in the latter part of his Presidency. The awarding of the Congressional Gold Medal to Nelson Mandela by Clinton. A statement by Mandela that Muammar el-Kadhafi has promised to turn over the suspects in the bombing of Pan AM Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland. Nelson Mandela commenting on the relationship between the US and Iraq, saying that no country should be allowed to take the law into their own hands. Statements by Nelson Mandela that President Bush is undermining the United Nations.

ABC

Irish Anti-Apartheid Movement

Correspondence, reports, campaign documents, press statements and speeches on Irish Anti-Apartheid Movement campaigns for the release of Nelson Mandela. Calls made by the Irish government for Nelson Mandela's release from prison. The unveiling of a Mandela sculpture in Merrion Square, Dublin, and the conferment of the Freedom of the City of Dublin to Mandela.
70th birthday tributes. Preparations for Nelson Mandela's release from prison in 1990 and the organising of a celebration rally in Ireland. Nelson Mandela’s visit to Dublin in 1991.
Correspondents includes Dr. Kader Asmal and Louise Asmal, ES Reddy, Ismail Ayob, Ruth Mompati, Sipho Pityana, Frank Aiken (Ireland Minister of External Affairs), Senator George O’Brien, Barry Desmond ,Honorary Secretary, Anti-apartheid Movement) and President Alhaji Shehu Shagari of Nigeria.

Irish Anti-Apartheid Movement (IAAM)

African National Congress French Mission Records

Records of the African National Congress French Mission. The records include:
Correspondence, news clippings, pamphlets, petitions and statements concerning campaigns in France for Nelson Mandela’s release from prison (1985 - 1989). Correspondence and news clippings concerning international awards and tributes conferred on Mandela, such as the Nobel Peace Prize. And the inauguration of Boulevard Nelson Mandela, some of these were conferred in absentia and presented to the assassinated ANC activist, Dulcie September. Correspondence and lists concerning honorary citizenships conferred on Mandela (1985 - 1989). News clippings in the run up to, and reporting Mandela’s release from prison. The collection includes some of the original certificates awarded in (1985 - 1993).
- Leaflets and copies of photographs (1960s -1990s).
- Miscellaneous correspondence concerning Mandela (1990).
- Awards to Nelson Mandela
- Mandela, Nelson and Winnie
- Mandela Nelson 1990
- Mandela Libre Comitre Francaise
- Mandela - declaration
- Mandela Parle ANC Paris
- Humanite liberate pour Mandela
- List of noble peace prize nominees leaflets

African National Congress (ANC) French Mission

African National Congress Netherlands Mission Records

Records of the African National Congress Netherlands Mission. The collection includes:
Correspondence, invitations, programmes, reports, news clippings and speeches concerning Nelson Mandela’s visits to the Netherlands (1990 - 1994). News clippings, newsletters, memoranda and pamphlets of the Nelson Mandela International Reception Committee (1989 - 1990). The death of ANC President, Oliver Tambo, and the statement delivered by Nelson Mandela at the funeral. The full text of Mandela’s rejection of PW Botha’s offer of conditional release in 1989, and a speech delivered by Mandela to the Finance Week Breakfast Club, 1991
ANC election campaign fund-raising materials.
Memoranda from Mandela to FW De Klerk (1992).
Various news clippings on Mandela (1988 - 1990).
Mandela visit to the Netherlands

African National Congress (ANC) Netherlands Mission

African National Congress Washington Mission Records

Records of the African National Congress Washington Mission. The records include:
Campaign materials, leaflets and news clippings produced by the United States-based Lawyers Campaign to Free Nelson Mandela (1986 - 1989). Correspondence concerning the Nelson Mandela Scholarship initiative at Brockport State University. The list of correspondents include Lindiwe Mabuza and Vernon Molefe (1989). Various international tributes to Mandela after his release from prison in 1990. Media requests from various United States media organisations to interview Mandela during his visit to the United States (1990). Correspondence and memoranda between Mandela and FW De Klerk. Subjects covered include violence, negotiations, the security forces, Koevoet and Battalion 32, the Goldstone Commission of Enquiry, regional government and the influence of Marxism/Leninism within the ANC (1992). Correspondence between Mandela and Jimmy Carter, Stevie Wonder and Bill Cosby (1990). Correspondence concerning Mandela from different regions of the United States, most were written during his tenure as president of the ANC (1988 - 1993). Statements, speeches and articles delivered by Mandela, including the Heinz Foundation lecture delivered at the University of Pittsburgh, statements delivered to the United Nations, an address to the US Congress in June 1990, and the announcement of his separation from Winnie Mandela (1990 - 1993). Correspondence between Mandela and De Klerk concerning the South African situation (1992). Correspondence, programmes, notes, briefing documents, financial reports, itineraries and speeches concerning Mandela’s 1990 and 1993 tours to the United States, in which the Mandela Reception Committee played a central role. The tours included visits to Atlanta, Boston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Oakland, Washington, D.C., Chicago and Philadelphia (1990 - 1993).
Photographs of Nelson Mandela together with Jesse Jackson (1990).
The lyrics of songs composed in honour of Mandela, during his 1990 United States visit.
News clippings, correspondence and entries for a Nelson Mandela Essay Contest in New Haven (1990).
Biographical material.
Miscellaneous correspondence and news clippings.
Mandela to Stevie Wonder and Bill Cosby
Office of the president
Mandela Tours:- Atlanta, Boston , Los Angele, Miami Oakland, Chicago
Trip projects; Mandela welcoming committee; Mandela freedom fund
Luthuli: Mandela lecture series

African National Congress (ANC) Washington Mission

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