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Europe Release campaigns
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National Archives United Kingdom

Death sentence in Rivonia trial "unlikely"
Note (4 June 1964)
Upcoming judgment and sentence in the Rivonia trial
Note (2 June 1964)
The Australian representative to South Africa has been instructed to register his government's concern over the Rivonia trial.
Note (9 June 1964)
U.K. should abstain in the vote on the Rivonia resolution by Ivory Coast and Morocco unless is amended ( Add as that America will also abstain)
Note ( 10 June 1964)
Verdicts in the Rivonia trial
Telegram (11 June 1964)
Analysis of evidence at the Rivonia trial
Report ( 10 June 1964)
Decision to defer any attempt by the U.S. to get a reduction in Rivonia trail sentences until the defence has lodged an appeal.
Note ( 14 June 1964)
Unsigned copy of the Rivonia trial judgment
Judgment: Rivonia trial (15 June 1964)

Mary Benson Papers

The personal papers of Mary Benson. The collection includes:
Nelson Mandela’s statement from the dock at the Rivonia Trial. Correspondence, reports and statements about the treatment of political prisoners in South Africa; Reports by the International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC) and Amnesty International. Attempts to publicise the conditions of prisoners, particularly Nelson Mandela, and information about the medical treatment of prisoners.
Papers related to Nelson Mandela’s imprisonment, collected by Benson when writing her biography of Mandela, "Nelson Mandela: the Man and the Movement."
Correspondence between Mandela and Mary Benson and between Benson and others people mainly related to Mandela and campaigns for his release from prison. Correspondents include Helen Suzman, Elinor Birley, Hilda Bernstein, Oliver Tambo, Winnie Mandela, Denis Healey and Ismail Ayob.
Typed notes on Mandela and other prisoners, as well as lists of political prisoners. News clippings concerning Mandela, mainly from British newspapers. Includes reports on the dropping of negligence charges against Mandela in 1967.

Benson, Mary

Comite' Zuid-Afrika

Correspondence, memoranda, campaign materials and lists. The collection includes:
Correspondence between the Comite Zuid-Afrika and the African National Congress (ANC) London office concerning the Rivonia Trial and pressure being placed on the Dutch government to condemn the trial. Campaigns for the release of the Rivonia Trialists, and about 5000 political prisoners in South Africa. Open letter by the Anti-apartheid Movement, soliciting support from abroad for those under house arrest in South Africa, and encouraging that letters of support is sent to Nelson Mandela and Robert Sobukwe at Pretoria Central Prison (1962).
The collection also includes:
References to the Freedom Charter and the Congress of the People. List of South Africans under house arrest, together with the conditions of their five-year banning orders. They include Helen Joseph, Ahmed Kathrada, Walter Sisulu, Jack and Rica Hodgson, Jack Tarshish, Brian and Sonia Bunting, Roley Arenstein, Michael Harmel, Moses Kotane, Lionel Bernstein, Alfred Nzo, Thomas Nkobi, MacDonald Maseko, Duma Nokwe, Cecil Williams and Alex La Guma. Correspondence from Karel Roskam to Christian Action concerning the raising of funds in the Netherlands for the Defence and Aid Fund set up by Canon Collins (1959 - 1960).

Comite Zuid-Afrika

Anti-Apartheid Bewegung Nederland

Memoranda, correspondence, reports, messages of support, newsletters, news clippings, minutes of meetings, financial reports, statements, project evaluations, budgets and campaign materials of the AABN, include:
Activities of the AABN in their calls for the release of Nelson Mandela (1981 - 1982). Action by 1400 mayors from across the world, petitioning the release of Nelson Mandela and other political prisoners (1982). Campaigns for Nelson Mandela's release from prison (1985 - 1990). Nelson Mandela's visits to the Netherlands in March and June 1990. This includes notes on the policies of the Dutch government towards South Africa, as well as lists of delegates, the list of South Africans to meet Nelson Mandela at Schipol airport, itineraries and programmes. The Welcome Mandela Committee including its contacts and details of activities. These include both local and international activities in which the Committee was involved including a Welcome Mandela Festival (1989 - 1990). The 1989 political prisoner hunger strike on Robben Island, and a memorandum issued by prisoners. The full text of Nelson Mandela's speech on the Grand Parade in Cape Town on the day of his release from prison (1990). The Mandela International Reception Committee.
Reactions to the news of Nelson Mandela's release from prison.

Anti-Apartheid Beweging Nederland

NIZA Photograph Collection

An album of photographs of Nelson Mandela, including:
Portrait photographs of Nelson Mandela, many of which were taken by Eli Weinberg. There are photographs with Kaiser Matanzima, and of Nelson Mandela together with his son, Thembekile, as well as Nelson and Winnie Mandela on their wedding day. Includes photographs of Nelson Mandela wearing traditional beads, Mandela in boxing gear, at his law office, burning his pass, and in disguise while in hiding from the police as the "Black Pimpernel." (1950s - 1960s). Nelson Mandela after his acquittal at the treason trial, with Essop Pahad in the background. Nelson Mandela addressing the All-in-Africa Conference in Pietermaritzburg in 1961. Photographs are by Joe Gqabi. Photographs of Nelson Mandela with military officers in Algiers, and with Oliver Tambo in Addis Ababa, during his secret Africa trip in 1962. Nelson Mandela in Parliament Square, London, 1962. Photographs by Mary Benson. Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu on Robben Island in 1966.The concert in celebration of Mandela's 70th birthday. The 1988 artist's impression of Nelson Mandela.
Nelson Mandela's release from prison, including a scene of him addressing a mass gathering in Cape Town on the day of his release from prison. Also featured in these photographs are Winnie Mandela, Walter Sisulu and Cyril Ramaphosa. Photographers include Yunus Mohamed. Post-release portraits, some that originates from the International Defence and Aid Fund. Photographers include Pieter Boersma and Piet den Blanken. Nelson Mandela addressing meetings on his visit to the Netherlands in June 1990. Also featured in these photographs are Winnie Mandela and Thabo Mbeki. Photographers include Jan Stegeman, Pieter Boersma and Kadir van Lohuizen. Nelson Mandela being awarded an honorary doctorate at the University of the Western Cape. Featured in the photographs are Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Professor Jaap Durand and Professor Stanley Ridge. Photographs are by Rashid Lombard. Nelson Mandela alongside a mural in Cape Town. Photograph by the Cape Argus. Nelson Mandela on the platform with Tokyo Sexwale and others at an ANC election mass meeting held at the Kwamazizi Stadium, 12 March 1994. Photographs are by B. Bohler. Photographs of Winnie and Zindzi Mandela, including Winnie in traditional dress, her attendance of political funerals in South Africa in 1985, and Zindzi addressing the crowd at a mass gathering at Jabulani Stadium in 1985. Photographers include Alf Kumalo and Gideon Mendell.

Anti-Apartheid Beweging Nederland

NIZA Photograph Collection

"Solidarity with South Africa" demonstration held in Amsterdam in 1976, with demonstrators carrying placards of Nelson Mandela. Nelson and Winnie Mandela being greeted by thousands of supporters in Leidseplein, Amsterdam in June 1990. Nelson Mandela addressing the crowd at Leidseplein, Amsterdam as well as other images of Nelson Mandela's visit to Amsterdam in 1990.
Photographers include Hans van der Bogaard, Roel Rozenburg and Marja Sonneveld.

Netherlands Institute for Southern Africa (NIZA)

NIZA Memorabilia Collection

Collection of anti-apartheid memorabilia produced by, amongst other organisations, the ANC, International Defence and Aid Fund, Netherlands Institute for Southern Africa and the Anti-Apartheid Movement. Includes t-shirts and wall hangings.

Netherlands Institute for Southern Africa (NIZA)

International Solidarity Committee of the Norwegian Labour Movement

Correspondence, minutes of meetings, conference resolutions, reports, press statements, pamphlets and news clippings, concerning Zenani Mandela's visit to Oslo in 1985, and the continued imprisonment of Nelson Mandela and other South African political leaders.

International Solidarity Committee of the Norwegian Labour Movement

Norwegian Action Against Apartheid

Correspondence, memoranda, newsletters, pamphlets, reports, publications and other campaign materials concerning:
The World Campaign for the Release of South African Political Prisoners (1964 - 1967). The Rivonia Trial, and a call to save South Africa's resistance leaders, including Nelson Mandela, from the death penalty. Nelson Mandela's statement from the dock at the Rivonia Trial, translated into Norwegian.
Amnesty International reports on prison conditions in South Africa (1965).

Norwegian Action Against Apartheid

Landsorganisasjonens Internasjonale Avdeling

This collection includes documentation concerning the following:
Biographies of the Rivonia Trialists. A statement issued by the national executive of the ANC on February 16 1990, in the wake of decisions to unban political organisations, and the impending release of Nelson Mandela. The talks between the ANC and the South African government in 1990, documented in the Pretoria Minute. Festival held in Oslo, celebrating Nelson Mandela's release from prison. Nelson Mandela's visit to Oslo in 1992. Includes correspondence between the International Solidarity Committee of the Norwegian Labour Movement and the ANC Norway Mission. Statement by Nelson Mandela on being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. Birthday greetings (1993).
Includes correspondence, minutes of meetings, reports, press statements, pamphlets and news clippings..

Norwegian Labour Movement

Norwegian Labour Movement Archives and Library: Press Clippings Collection

Collection of news clippings, mostly in Norwegian, that covers the following:
Arrests in South Africa during the 1952 Defiance Campaign. The 1956 treason trial. Nelson Mandela in hiding as the "Black Pimpernel" (1964). Historical profiles of Nelson Mandela. The Rivonia Trial, with references to Nelson Mandela and Percy Yutar (1964), and reports on Nelson Mandela and others found guilty on charges of sabotage. A telegram sent to Verwoerd by 21 Norwegian youth organisations, in protest against the life sentences imposed on Nelson Mandela and other prisoners. Reactions to the Rivonia Trial verdict by the Foreign Minister of Great Britain, Richard Butler, as well as a statement by Verwoerd that Nelson Mandela and his men are in the category of spies, and that they have a communist plan to take over the world. The arrest of Nelson Mandela's advocate, Bram Fischer.
Zenani Mandela's visit to Oslo in 1985, with biographical profiles of Nelson Mandela.

Norwegian Labour Movement Archives and Library